A direct product of sets. For two sets X and Y, the Cartesian Product is the set of all possible ordered pairs whose first component is a member of X and whose second component is a member of Y.
For example, the Cartesian product of the thirteen-element set of standard playing card ranks {Ace, King, Queen, Jack, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2} and the four-element set of card suits {♠, ♥, ♦, ♣} is the 52-element set of playing cards {(Ace, ♠), (King, ♠), ..., (2, ♠), (Ace, ♥), ..., (3, ♣), (2, ♣)}. The Cartesian product has 52 elements because that is the product of 13 times 4.
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